Automatic control for high pressure pumps



1940- J; E. HOLVECK ET AL 2,227,260

AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS Filed Nov. 17, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet l Joseph E. Hulveck Ne|s0n E. Briqham INVENTORS ATTORNEY Dec. 31,1940, 4. E. HOLVECK E IAL ,260

' AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS Filed Nov. 17, 1958 7 sheets-sheet 2 Joseph E- Holveck Nelson E. Briqh'am INVENTORS ATTORN EY Dec. 31, 1940. J. E. HOLVECK ETAL 2,227,260

AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS Filed Nov. 17, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 l I l 77 I Joseph E. Holveck Nelson E. Br'i ham INVEN 0R5 ATTORNEY Dec. 31, 1940. J. E. HOLVECK ETAL AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS Filed biov. 17, 1958 m h 8 7 u Joseph E.H0|Veck Nelson E. Briqham lN EN RS ATTORNEY Dec. 31, 1940. J. E. HOLVECK ETAL 2,227,260

AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS Filed Nov. 17, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Joseph E. Holveck Nelson E. Briqham INVENTORS VBY ATTORNEY Dec.

J. E. HOLVECK arm.

AUTQMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE PUMPS llllll! Filed Nov. 217, 1958 '7 Shee s-Sheet 6 Joseph Nelson I VENTORS E. Halve E. Eiriqham ATTORNEY Dec. 31, 1940. J. E. HOLVECK EIAL AUTOMATIC CONTROL FOR HIGH PRESSURE FUMPS Filed Nov. 17, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Joseph E. Holveck V Nelson EBriqham l VENTORS ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 31, 1940 UNIT D STATES.

:PATENTTLOWE-' 2,227,280" a AUTOMATIC oom'non ronmon, Y

. rnnssuaerom's Joseph L'Holveck, mom-l. in Namely Y; a 1 Brigham, Arlington, Nut, aesignors toWorthi i .ington Pnmp'& Machin ery corporation, Harrison,.N. 1., acorporation of Delaware a Application November 17,1938. Serial masseuse v i 24 Claims. (cues-4o) 5 v ;Ihepresent invention relates'to 'a loading and unloading mechanism for positive displacement pumps, andan object o! the present invention {is to provide asimple, positive means for con- N trolling a positive displacement or reciprocating pump of any typegsuch as. duplex, double-acting, triplex, singleand double acting, quintuplex, etc.,

either horizontal or vertical, and which will pro- .{vide positive synchronization oij all the cylinders no the pump in unloading and] loading regardle oi the point in pump revolution when the control functions. 7 r

Other objects of the present invention to I provide a leading andfunloading mechanism as 15 specii led which wiliprovide shockless unloading- .and loading oi the pump; loss of power Q whenthe pump isunloa'demno loss of pressure water when'thev pump isunloaded; one in which all mechanicalparts are easilyaccessihle from" 1|) outsidethe pump; in which, if the electriccur-f rent or operating pressurefluid fails, the pump will be unloaded, and since wear on the device. a and shocks to the equipment are. eliminated, the

pump maybe loaded andfunloaded with. any iii degree of frequency.

, In practically ailpumping applications involving a pressure fluid for operating-hydraulic machinery the demand for fluid power medium may: have any oi a number of flow conditions. The .14! rate of ilow maybe uniiormhut not intermit i tent, in which case the demand for the hydraulic fluid is at a constant rate of ilow in gallons per section for a short periodo! .tixne,jwhich is followed by a zerodemand vtor another short period as of time. It may' havea variable rateof flow I in which instancethe demand idrhydraulicfluid is continuousbut at a varying rate of. flow in gallonsper second, .or the rate oi' flow' may be uniform, variable and intermittent. I In this last in instance the demand for hydraulic fluid may be a combination ofthe first two stated instances. In all or any oi theabove conditions the pump control remains the same in that pump operation i is intermittent. 'That. is, the .punipjoperates 1s loaded to .one hundredper cent capacity tor a. I g'iventimei andthen at unloaded zerocapscity The relation between the length'oiloaded and unloaded time cycles ioranother given time.

depends uponthetype of rate of flow; the. fluid 3, demand at a given time, and the capacity oi the ,1

f ulmmp and the accumulator.

The present invention prov-idesfa synchronized loading' 'and unloading mechanism capable of meeting any-or all 0111211: above ,demands where electric motor driven reciprocating pumps are i 1 (i. e. synchronized loading) panying drawingsfls'howinga pump loading and:

. f In the drawings:

,improved loading, and unloading showing it associated with a pump.

L through oneoi' thepump: cylinders showing the actuating mechanisms showing it iii-connection "8-4 oi Figure'h Q1" to the distributing valve.

employed and involves a control ior'such pumps which, when operating continuously and at a constant speed, a quick butgradu'al de-celerating fluid from full to zero'flow in not more than 'celerating fluid fdelivery tromi'zero to full flow in not more than one hali revolution oi the with, these n 'ot biecf. new. n w appeari'rom the accompanying speciflcation, the invention consists otvarious teaturesioi construction and combination oi parts, which will be describedin connection with the accomunloading mechanism embodying .the invention, and the features iormingfthe invention will be speciflcally out inthe-eiaims.

Figure 1 is a view of the Figure 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal section valve actuating therewith and taken onnthelline-H of Figure}.

Figure 8 is a'secticn through one ohthe valve with enact. the suction valves of the pump a taken on the line Moilflgure 2."

Figure! is a top plan of a distributing valve and its operating mechanism employed in the pump loading and unloading mechanism.

Figure 5 is an end view of the distributor valve.

' Figure 6 is aside elevation of the distributor valve. a

Figure 8. 66

5 Figur e10 1s daemon or anelctric ly actuated. and controlled-valve which controls the deliveryoi actuating pressure fluid Figures 11 and 12 are oi a modiiied form of theQdistributor j Figur 14 is a cross-section'through one-hallrevolution'oi the pump (i. e. SYDGhl'O-r I nized unloadingi and a quick but gradual ac v views partly in w section and partlv'in perspective of the valve ,mechan'ism of the. electrically operated Vol78- Figure '13 is a fragmentary longitudinal anism is shown associated 'with a positive displacement pump of the reciprocating type-com prising two cylinder blocks I and 2;eachof which has a pair of oppo'sed'cylinders 3 and 3 therein.

Reciprocating plungers or pistons Sand 8 operate in the respective cylinders 3 and l and they are reciprocated by the rotation of a crank shaft 1. ,The outer pistons or plungers 6 are connected to the cra'nk shaft fllin theus'ual manner-"cropposed cylinder pumps 'of this type through the ,medium 'of cross-heads 8 and connecting rods 9.

While the improved loadingland unloading'mechanism is shown in the. drawings as applied to a pump' of the type ljust de sjcrlbed,it is to balmderstoodlthat it is'Tequallylapplicableto practically all types of positive displacement pumps,ei-

then. vertical or horizontal, and with orwithout opposed cylinders, andflthat, the particular type of pumpis shown only for the purposesof illustrating thejapplicationof the loading and'unloadingmechanism,

Each of the pump cylinders 3 andl 4 have suction valves. 10' which control communication between thesuctiorl inlet or'gthe intakedi' or the pump andthe respectivecylinders'. The pump cylinders arealso'provided with approved type of discharge valves l2, as is ordinary in pump constr'uction; 3 v

- The loading and'unloadlng of the pump is pro vided'through the medium" of the suction valves "Iii; that"is,-when the-pump is unloadedthe suction valve I is held off its seat; as shown in Figure 3 of the drawinga'which prevents the cuttin off ot-the" respective cylinder or the pump from the'pump'inlet'or intake passage during the compression stroke of the piston or plunger, and

consequently the liquid being actedupon bythe pump is merely forcedfiback and'forth through the cylinder and intake chamber Ii; and not.

"through the discharge. valves 12 in the usual manner when the pump, is operating in a loaded condition. a 1 *The' presentinvention comprises pressure actuated means for holding the suction valves ofl their seatsto provide unloaded operation of the pump, and a longitudinal section through the, pressure actuated valvetholdingmeans is shown. min Figure 30f the drawings. v i

The pressure actuated valve generically designated at l each comprise 9. cylinder' I8 in whichis mounted a piston I! for reciprocatory" movement "therein 'A valve moving trod I8 is attached to thepiston l1 and extends through suitable awning box'fs'tructures. l9 into the cylinder-block! of the pump and engages: the under or outer end of the suction valve III. A. rod

20 engages the piston I! on the side opposite from the rod l8'and'this rod is urged in valveoperatingj position by a' spring 2L, so that in normal conditions or'rather, at times when nopressure fluidis being delivered to the cylinder [8 the spring 2| will movethepiston' "and the rod I8 valve.

holding means into open position where it will hold the valve causing the pump to operate unloaded. The cylinder l8 has an inlet supply line 23 for pressure fluid communicating therewith on the side of the piston opposite from the spring 2 I, so that when pressure fluid is delivered to the cylinder at a pressure in excess of the pressure against the piston I! created by the spring 2| the piston II will, be forced, against the tension of the spring 2|, away from the suction valve. l8, permitting the suction valve to be seated on its seat 22 and consequently permitting the pump to operate in a loaded condition, The pump will continue to operate in a loaded condition so long as there is pressure "against the piston l1 sufiicient to overcome the tension of the spring 2|. It is understood, of course,v that the tension of the spring 2| is suflicient to counteract the tension of the valve seating spring 24, which is the usual type of sprin employed in positive displacement pumps for insuring the proper seating of the. suction The delivery'ofpressure fiuid to 'the cylinder i6 of the pressure actuated meansor mechanism is controlled bya distributing valve structure 25. In Figure l ofthe drawings, the pumpillustrated is a four cylinder one, and consequently there are four of thepressure actuated inecha "nisms 25 associated therewith,- one acting upon the suction'valveof each of the cylinders. As a result, the distributor valve structure 25 is constructed vto independently control the delivery of pressure fluid to the four structures l5. There are four pressure'fluidsupply lines 23, which are indicated in Figure '1 as"23a, 23b, 23c and 23d.

.When the improved lo'ading'and unloading mechanism is 'employedinjconnection with pumps having a different number of cylinders,'the distributcr'valve structure 25 is naturally constructed to provide individualcontrol for the pressure opera housing'or body 25,whichis divided longitudinally by suitable partitions 21 into an intake chamber 28, a delivery chamber 23 which has communicatingtherewith the'pressure fluld' sup- 7 ply pipe's23a, 23b, 23c and 23d, and an exhaust chamber'30, which opens outto atmosphere or any other suitable point through an exhaust outlet 3|. Pressure fluid'is delivered to the ina take chamber 28 through a supplyli ne 33, which has connection with any suitable source of pressure fluid through a supply pipe 34.

The housing as of the distributing valve 25 is* partitioned radially into a number of compartments, 35, corresponding to the number'ot-cylinders in the pump with which the unloading'and loading mechanism is associated, and consequently according to the number of pressure ao-- tuated devices l5 employed in the respective load- 'ing and'unloading mechanism; clearly shown j in Figure '7 or the drawings; the housing 28 of the distributing valve structure-illustrated is divided into four radial compartments 35, a1l of which have communication with therespective chambers 28,23 and 38 through the medium of movable valve members 36, details ofwhich are to force the suctionwalve l0 off itsfsea't' 22 and longitudinally of the chamber 38,. as clearly ace-7,9150

shown in Figure 8 ofgthe: drawings. The intake chamber has communication through ports 4| in the sleeve 31 with the space between the I ends of the stub sleeves 42 and "which separate themovable valvemember 36 from the sleeve 31,.while the delivery chamber 29 has communication with apart of thelspacebetween the facing ends of .theestub sleeves fll and "43 through 10 i and 43 with which the ports ll-communicate is separated :trom the space with which the ports 44 communicate by means of a suitable fluidtightpac'kingor spacingring 46. The exhaust; "chamber 36 communicatesthrough ports 46 in the sleeve 3'I and ports 41 in the stub sleeve 42 radial; ports 44 formedfin tlflBSl-CQVB I]. The space betweenthe ends oi the. stub sleeves with an annular chamber 46 formed in-the stub sleeve 42 andi'acing the movable valve member 36. Thus when the valve member 36 is moved intofthe positionshown in Figure 8 of the drawings,' the series of radial ports will establish "communication between the longitudinaichamber38 and the valve member 36 andthe exhaust chamber 36 in the valve housing 26, while the series of radial-openings 39 will establish communication through the supply chamber 29 and the chamber "opening up the cylinders 16 to the supply chamber 29 through it to the cham 'deliver'e'd to the 'cylinder l6.

her 36 and tromlthe chamber 38, through the ports 40 to the exhaust chamber 30, thereby permitting the release of pressure fluidfrom the cylinders l6 and consequently permitting the valve 2| to move the pistons I1 and rods 16 to unseat the intake valves Ill-and hold them unseated until such time as pressure fluid is again g-rwnen the movable valve element 36 is shifted tothe left; in Fig. 8 of the drawings, it will move the ports 46 into communication with the ports lfand'open the intake chamber 26 to the chamber 36 in the valveelement, permitting pressure fluid to flow into the chamber 36 throughithe supply line 33. The space within the sleeve '31 i with which theports 39 communicate isproportioned so that whenthe ports 46 are'in communication with the ports 4|, the ports 39 will still pressure. fluid will flow through the movable valve element 36" and the respective supply 11116 2 be open to the supply chamber 29, and thus the controlled thereby to the respective cylinder l6 movingthe piston ll and the rod l6 out of valve holding position and perrnit the intake v'alveof "the pump cylinder to operate in the normal pump loadedmannen- The operation of all of the movable valve elements 36 is thesame, and the respective radial compartments 36 form the l deliverychamber 29 so that eachmovableyalve j element 36 controls the delivery of pressure fluid to, or the release of pressure fluid from, one of nected by a suitablecoupling and crank arrange-- ment 5: and 54 to the crank shaft 1, so that the loading and unloading cams 50 and 5! will be rotated in synchronism with the rotation of the crankshaft 1. The valve actuating offset faces 55: and 56 on the cams 56 and respectively are constructed and arranged so thatwhen they-are movable valve members 36, each valve member will be operated in synchronism with the pump plungers of the cylinder with which the pressure actuated mechanism IS; the operationot which is J controlled by the respectivemovable valve member-"36, is connected;

.The cams so and 6| rotate constantly during the rotation or the crank shaft 1 and they are shifted, longitudinally of the shaft52 into or out of operative engagement with the movable valve elements 36 i i-accordance with conditions which call for either the loading orunloading'of the pump. The earns 66 and II are shiited by a fork arm 56, the forks of which are connected in the usual manner asshown at 69 in 9 or the drawings; to the cam carrying sleeve 66, which qis slidably mounted on the shaft 62 and keyed thereto for rotation therewith. The fork arm or lever is pivotally connected intermediate its ends as shownlattl and its end outwardly "from theconnections 59 is pivotally connected asshow'nat 62lto1a rod 63. Therod 63 extends into the cylinder 64 on the housing 26 and forms a pistonjrod on which ismounted a piston 66. 4 The piston 65 is moved into positionagainst-the stop 66 to shift the unloading cam 6| into position to operatejthe valvejn'embers 36 by a spring 511; wane the piston is, red as anclfork rm 5| are shifted by the action of] pressure fluid to 4 move the loading cam 56 into position toroper ating the movable valve elements 361 and moving the unloading cam 6| out of valve element oper- I ating position.

The delivery of pressure fluid m the cylinder 64 is controlled by an electrically operated struc- 3 ture TH) whichisshown in Figures 1 i0, 11 and 12. This mechanism is a solenoidactuated valve which may be purchased upon the open'market, and while one particular type of such valve is shown in the drawings, it is to beunderstood that any approved typeoi electrically operated valve which will perform theiunction required may besubstitutedfor the one shown; However, to carryout the cycle oipperation-oif theloading and unloading mechanism the operation of the particular'type of valveshown will be de-V scribed. The valve structure 70 comprises a 1 shiftable v'alve sleeve H which is-shiftable within a stationary sleeve 12, both of which areenclosedin a suitable housing :13. The valvesleeve Li isjmoved longitudinally by means of a lever 'l5 -which is in turn actuated by a solenoid 16,

so that when t'he solenoid l6sis energized, pressure fluid entering the valve structure Ill through the supply line 'l4 will flow through the valve sleeve '12} and 'H 'and i outwardly through :the

supply line 11 into the cylinder-64 for "moving the piston 65 against the tension'of the spring 61 toactuate the fork-armiB to move the loading cam 56 intooperative position relative to the movable valve members 36. When the solenoid lli is de-energize'd, it will, through the lever 16, move the valve sleeve li to cut of! the delivery of pressure fluid through the supply line T1 to the cylinder 64 and open the cylinder 64 -to exhaust through the lower series of ports ll,

permitting the pressure fluid to bleed from the cylinder 64 and allowing the spring 61 to move the piston 65 thus moving the unioadin'g cam 5| into position to operate the movable valve elements 36. a

Thus," at anytime, the-master control switch J j 66" is closed and the solenoid 16 is energized, in active operative position with respect to the the pump will operate in loadedcondition, ex-

4 I only in such when the'sup' ply oi pressure fluid to the distributing valve it iails. Whenever the It is op northe supply oi pressure fluid iails,.the pumpfwill I operate in unloaded position jthe'action oithesprings ll audit. e 1

Through the connection oi "with the crankshaft I, and the arrangement oi the operating suriaeeson thecai'ns. ll and II as io above described, iiflwmhe apparent that, the.

v r s pum cv n e lwi l eflo ans 1 loadedin w'ith'the operation oi the pistnns orjpiungers threim'and these various,

' eiementsare so arranged that thevarious'cylll inders willibe loadedfo'r unloadedduringfthe suction strokeoi eachpiunger 0i, Pist n; and at the proper, time and in: notmore .thanfone-hali revolution oi the, pump, thereby relieving the variou Parts oi the mechanism and pump, oi

,In was the pump maybe unloaded audioaded with any degree oi irequency. Since during the unJoadingcycIe'Ethe pu operates only on suction pressure and no work is being =11 Idqneby the :p'un'ipfthe power requiredi or such as .operationn'eed only be suiflcient to overcome the mechanical friction oi the pummresulting in a material, power at such times. 1 with the present synchronized: loading ,and unloading the pumpwili beoperatingso that 'vided' 1 when needed 1 on] practically an instant demand. i v a f In Figures 13 and Ilia slight modification 01 thedistributor-valve stn oiur isshowni j as 'r Figures Hand-14 the loading can so: has a stop paw 85* pivotally carried thereby and urgedfoutwardly beyond the perimeter oi the cam I! byaspringfli i a a 'Iliie pawl with stops I I formed the housing 16 "or cylinder N; as maybe the loading cam It? into positionyior'moving the valve elements 38 during its rotation.

'- The pawl 85 is positioned with respectito the valve element actuating suriace I! goirthe cam II no that iifthe piston ll, is operated to move the cam 6| longitudinally into ivalve' element operating position at a time-when the space I! l is not inthe proper location toprovideabsolute i so synchronizationibetween 1 the operationoi, the

.valve member; It and: the piston ;oi the pump,

the-pawl will; being-urged outwardly by the spring lhcontact the stop member I], asshown :in FigurelIS-oi' the drawingfl, holdingithe load- 65 ing cam ll against iurthermovement until it .7

sumcient distance ior the pawl 85 atoclear the stop that which-timethe cam will is bemovedliurthertowards valve elements ior operating them in theproper sequence, The

00" spring I being a'yieidable} element wiliprovide a' compensator between the movement oi the piston I! and the'cainill during such time as the pawl ll is in contactwi'th any one oiithe' stop membersflr i 3 i In the preferred iormoi the invention shown in Figures 1 to lzinclusive, thepressure actuiated members comprising the piston l1 and rod is are, as previously stated, held in valve hold-v ing position to unload the pump by the spring 70 ii, and are moved out oi valveholding-position to load the pump by pressure fluid delivered to ,the endoi the cylinder it opposite thei end at' whichthe spring is locatedrso that the pis-- ton ll .and member. II are held out .01, valve 3 loading position by pressure at all times when ass-moo atflany' timerequired itsiuil loadmay be'prov,

*iound desirable, ior limiting the movement oi tions with the distributor valve.

By. particularreierence drawingait will be. noted that the end oi the it! which engages the piston I" isg very I materiailyincreased'in diameter, providing diiu ierential areas at opposite ends oi the piston the pump is. operating. In themodifledcomstruction shown in '15 to-l'i'inclusive a .diiierent cycle oi operationis'providedi me principal diflerence being that the pressure actuated valve holding member is held out oi intake valve holdingposition' by pressure which is constantly supplied to the pressure' actuated member, and it is moved into valvelholding position to provide unloaded operation oi the pump by ypresfluid delivered'to the pressure actuated-1 member through the distributing valve. In other.

words, the distributing valve controls the delivery oi pressure fluid to the pressure actuated 'member'to unload the pump, incontradistinc- 9' tion to the iact that it delivers pressure fluid to 15 the pressure actuated member to loadthe pump,

,in the preierred iorm oi the invention,

In this modified iormoi the invention a distributorvalve, which is generically indicated at 4 illi in Figure 15,18 employed, andthis distrib- :0

him valve is identical in-its construction and method 0! operationwith the distributor valve structure 25. consequently itis notillustrated in detail, and indescribing the operation oi the distributor valve in 'connection'with the-modig5 flediorm oi unloading and loading mechanism, reference will be made to Figure. 8 oi the drawing's', showing the section'oithe distributor, and

its operation will be in comlunction withsaidflgure. v

.80 1 Thedistributor valve lllincludes the loading and unloading cams, "and Il,.which2 are con- 1 stantly rotated ironr the crank shait ill oithe pump-structure [CL-in the same manner .as illustrated' in. Figure 1 oi -thedrawings. 'The cams 50 and Ii are movedinto and outoivaive mem-- ber actuatingpositions by means oi the piston II, rod 63 and iorked lever il, in exactly, the

same manneras heretoiore described. 'Ihede liveryof pressure fluid tothe inlet chamber il oi the distributor valveis controlled by an electrically operated mechanism, the sameas in the preferred iorm; that is, by a solenoid actuated valve. structure 1l",,;which iside'ntical with the solenoid actuated valve It clearly shown inFig-f u urea 10 to 12 0! the drawings.

The principal difl'erence inltheimodifle'd iorm =.over; the preferred ior niies in the construction oi the pressure actuated member and its connec- Reierring more particularly rod I09 attached thereto which engages the valve I atcertain times to holdthe valve oi! itsfseat to provide unloaded operation oi the pump structure I02. Suitable stuiilng boxes 0 are provlded to Figure lfl'ofthe I about the rod "9' I ill, by reducing the area of the piston actedv upon by pressure fluid at the end oijthe piston 1 which iac es towards the pump over the area oi the other end of the piston. 7 A pressure fluid supply line ii I is connected to and opens" into theend or the cylinder in: iacing the smaller activearea end offtlie piston.

supply line I I I provides a constant supply of 7 pressure fluid to the cylinder I08 and against the 7 i A M Figure 1'1. oi :the drawings, the pressure actuated mechanism I05, one of which is associated witheach oithe -suction valves ill oi the pump structural",

comprises a diflerentiabpiston structured which reciprocates in va cylinder"! and has a e whenthe larger active area end III of the piston is free from action oi! pressurecfluidthe piston I01 will be forced outwardly, moving therod Ill out of engagement with'the suction valve III! and M n and the pump. will operate in loaded condition.

or the cylinder I from behind the piston, reducing the pressure in the cylinder behind the piston smaller active area end of the piston I01, that consequently the suction valve will be permitted to operate in itsnormal manner and with the pump loaded.

' However, the pump operates in an unloaded ;condltion:when pressure fluid is delivered to the cylinder I08 through the delivery pipe Illivand againstthe area or end III of the piston lll. i The pressure fluid delivered-tothe cylinder I! through the pipe I I4 is from the same sourceand under the same pressure. as the pressure'fluid delivered to the cylinder through the supp y line I I I, but due tothediflerences in the active areas i i of the opposite ends or the piston the pressurew fluid delivered to; the. cylinder throughithe pipe I II will force inwardly against thepressure-in the inner end of the piston, forcing the pressure fluid from the inner end of thewpiston .back into theya supply line and willmove therod I," into engagemodified form or the pump loadingand unload- H ing mechanism is associated with adouble-acte i ing tour cylinder pump, consequently there are ,ment with the intake valve I06 and force the, intake-valve II" of! its seat permitting the mm 7 to operate in an unloaded, condition.

'As shown in Figure 15 of the drawings, the

four unloading valves and four of the pressure actuated mechanisms I05, one being associated with each suction or intake valve mechanism of each pump cylinder. As a consequence the dis:

tributor valve mechanism. lull which controls the 7 delivery of the pressure fluid through the supply-3' pipe I II to the pressure actuated member III will a be identical with that shown in Figured or the drawings. Its controlling action, however, wil1be slightly difierent, due to the diflerence in construction of the pressure actuated members and s or the supply or delivery of pressure fluid thereto.

If, during the time that the pump Ill. is operating in normal or loaded condition,=occasion arises when the pump is a to be operated inunloaded a condition the electrically operated valve structure 13' will be actuated to admit pressure fluid through the pipe IIB tothecylinder I and-willmove the piston against the spring 81. This movement of the piston ii will move the cam SII into operating position with respect to the movable valve member 36 so that at the proper synchronized moment the valve member 38 will be i moved to connectthe supply chamber 28 through the movable valve element 36 with the chamber 28, to which chamber thepipe Ill is connected. 1 The chamber 28 is connected to the pressure fluid supply line through the inlet 33, so that fluid un- :der pressure will flow through the distributor valve 25 through the supply pipe I ll into the cylinder I08 against the race or end .I II or the piston J and operate this piston and the rod I to move be moved the spring 01, which in in turn 7 the suction valve ofi'its seat.

i when thepump is operating in loaded condition the electrically operated mechanism or valve 13' is operated to cut oil the delivery of pressure movethe cam 5i into valve member operating position; At the proper time during the rotation will move the valve element 38 of the cam 5| it to connect the chamber "through the valve ele- Y merit 36 with the exhaust chamber" and conseouently to atmosphere through the exhaustport ti and permit the pressure fluid-to exhaust out piston, and

pipes Ill are below the'pressure in the cylinder ahead er the thus the piston Ill and'the rod III will be moved out of intake valve holding position Figure 16 'ismerely'a plan view or the piping arrangement, illustrating the manner of connecting the various pressure'actuated members I" to the supply line I I I and to the distributor valve structure I" through the respectivepipesIH. This view showsa header'flength oi! pipe I20 which isdirectly connected to the supply pipe I I I and has a plurality of branches Ill going to each of the pressure operated members I", while the movable valvemembers of the distributor valve will individually control the; delivery or pressure fluid to the respective pressure actuated elements individuailyconnected to the members I05 and to the distributor valve, so that the on the bleeding of the pressure fluid therefrom in 1..l.n a pump loading and unloading mocha- "nism the combination with a pump including a cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, or a. valvetor controlling the loading and unloading of the cylinder, a pressure actuated member for operating said valve, electrically operated means controlling. deliveryoi pressure fluid to said pressure actuated member,- a distributor valve interposed between said pressure actuated member and said electrically operated means, and means connecting said distributor valve to said piston forsynchronized operation therewith tor timing the valve operating. operation oi said pressure actuated member.

,2. In a pump loadingand mochanism the combination with a pump including a cylinder and a pistontherein, and an intake valve ior said cylinder, oi. a pressure actuated: member normally holding a said intake valve in cylinder unloading position and operated by pressure fluid to permit seating of said intake valve to load said pump, electrically operated means controlling deliveryoi pressureufluid to said pressure actuated memben anda distributor valve interposed between said pressure actuated member andsaid electrically operated means for controlling delivery of pressure iiuid to said pressure actuated .member, and means connecting said distributor valve to said piston tor synchronized operation Q therewith for timing the valve operating operation of said pressure actuated member.

3. Inapump loading and unloading mechanism the'oombination with a pump including a cylinder and a piston therein, and an intake valve for said cylindenot a pressure actuated member normally holding said intake valve in cylinder I unloading position and operated by pressureflu'id to permit seating or said suction valve to load said'pump, electrically operated meanscontroiling v 1 delivery of pressure iiiu'id -to isaid pressure actuated member, means for moving :saidfipressure actuated member into intak'e valve position upon the release" or'pressure flii'idi'rjoin saidpressure actuated means, a distributor valve interposed between said pressure actuated memher and said EICCtHCGHYIODEIBtBdI means I01" 5 oontrolling the ideliverylo't pressure fluidto -"and' J the release of pressure :fiui d from said pressure pumps, the combination with apump including I cylinders, pistons therein, and intake valves for said cylinders, of Pressure actuated means for--' holding sa'id intakevalves open to unload the actuated member, and means connecting said distributor ,valve to said pistonfor synchronized operation therewith for timingthevalve operating operation oi said pressure actuated mem 4..In a loading and unloading mechanism for pump and movableoutiof valve holding position 7 to, permit loading of'the pump, a pressure" fluid ing valve embodying actuating means, a crank distributing" valve controlling distribution of actuating pressure 'fluidto said pressure actuated means, electrically operated means controlling operation of said distributing valve, said distributshaft for operating said pump pistons," saiddis tributing'valve actuating means connected to said cranksha'ftyioroperationtherewithwhereby the intake valves will; be actuated to load or unload the pump in sequence synchronism with the operation of said pistons;

\ 5.-In a loading and unloading' 'mechanism for pumps, the combination with a. pump including cylinders, pistons in saidcylinders and intake valves for'said cylinders, of pressure actuated means for holding said intake valves open tounload the pump and moved out ofvalve holding position upon delivery of pressure fluid-thereto,

apressurefiuid distributing valve'controlling dis-m tribution of actuating pressure fluid to said presload or unload the pump in sequence synchronism with the operation of said pistons, said distributing valve acting to permit release of actuating pressurefluid from said pressure operated means, andmeans for moving said pressure operated means into'intake valve holding position upon the bleeding of pressure fluidtherefrom. 6. In a loading and unloadingmechanism for punips,lthe combination with a pump including cylindersjpistons therein, a crank shaft for oper-.

" ating'said pistons, and intake valves for said cylinders, of pressure actuated'means forholding said intake valves open to imload the pump and movableout of valve holding position to permit loading of the pump, a pressure fluid distributing ber ior each of said intake valve moving means,-

moving means willbe operated in. synchronism sure fluidto said pressure actuated means, said distributor "valve. including a movable valve memloading and'unloading cams for actuating said movable valve members, means connecting said cams to saidcrank shaft whereby the intake valve with the operation of said pistons, pressure actuated means for moving said loading and unloading cams into and out ofoperative position relative to said movable valve members, and stop means 1 'associated with one of said cams for arresting its movement into valve operating position at predetermined times. 7 i i 17. In a loading andiunloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including cylinders,pistonstherein, a crankshaft foractu ating said pistons; and intake valves for said cylinders,,of means for moving said intake valves into cylinderiunloading position, a. distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said valve moving means for-moving the means out-of in- "take valve holding positions to allow; loading. of the pump, a master switch, electrically operated means controlled bysaid switch anda'controlling operation of said distributor valve whereby when I said electrically operated means is energized pressure fluid will be delivered to said moving means "and bled therefrom upon tie-energizing of said electrically oper'atedmeans, and means operatively connecting said distributor valve to said 10 crank shaft whereby the distributor valvewill be operated in synchronism with the operation of 'said pistons.

a. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination witha pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons, and intake valves for said cylinders,- of means for moving said intake valves into cylinder unloadingposition, a distributor valve for delivering: pressure fluid'to said valve moving meansfor moving the means. out of intake valv'e hoidingpositions to allow loading of the pump, a master switch, electrically operated means controlled by-said switch andcontrolling operation ofsaid distributor valve whereby when 35 said electrically operated means isenergized pressure fluid will .be delivered to said moving means -and bled'therefrom upon ole-energizing of said electrically operated means, said distributor valve including. a movable valve member for each of 30 said intake valve moving means, loading and unloading cams for actuatingsaid valve members, means connecting saidcams to said crank shaft whereby the intake valve moving means will be operatedqin synchronism with the operation of u said'pistons. 1 a r a 9. In a loading and unloading mechanism for 7 pumps, the combination with a pump, including cylinders,pistons-therein, a, crank shaft for operating said pistons, and intake valves for said cylinders, of pressure actuated means for holding said intake valves open to unload the pump and moved out of valve holding position upon delivery of pressure fluid thereto, a, pressure fluld distributing valve controlling distribution of actuating pressureiiuid .to said pressure actuated means, said distributor valve including a movable valve member'for. eachof said intake valve moving means, loading and unloading cams for actuating I said movable valve-members, means connecting 5Q saidcarns to said crank shaft whereby the intake valve moving means will be operatedin synchrod nism with the operation of said pistons. i valve controlling distribution ofactuating pres- 10. In a loading andaunloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for operating said pistons, and intake valves'forsaid cylinders, of pressure actuated means for holdingsaid intake valves open tounload the pump and movable out of valve holding position to permit loading of the pump, a pressure fluid distributing valve controlling distribution of actuating pressure fiuid to said pressure actuated means, said distributor valve including' a movable valve member for each 7 of said intake valve moving ,means loading and unloading cams for actuating said movable valve members, means connecting said camsto said crank shaft whereby the intakevalve moving means will be operated in synchronism with the operation, of said pistons,pres- 10 sure actuated meansifor moving said loading and unloading cams into; and. out of operative position relative to said movable valve members, and electrically operated means controlling delivery of pressure fluid to said cam moving pressure operated means.

11, In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with, a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons, and valves for unloading said cylinders, of means for holding said unloading valves in cylinder unloading positions, a distributor valvefor delivering pressure fluid to said unloading valve holding means to move them out of valve holding positions to permitloaded operation of thepump, said distributor valve in- .cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons; and valves for unloading said cylinders, of means for holding said unloade ing valves in cylinder unloading positions, a distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said unloading valve holding means to move them out of valve holding positions to permit loaded operation of the pump, said'distributor valve includinga movable valve member for each of said unloading valve holding means, loading and unloading cams for actuating said valve member, means i for movingsaid cams into and out of operating position relative to said movable valve members,

and means connecting said cams to said crank shaft whereby said valve members and said unloading valve holding means will be actuated in synchronism with said pistons.

13. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for ac-' tuating said pistons, and valves for unloading said cylinders, of means for holding said unloading valves in cylinder unloading positions, a distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said unloading valve holding means to move them out of valve holding positions to permit loaded operation of the pump, said distributor valve including a movable valve member foreach of said unloading valve holding means, loading and unloading cams for actuating said valve member, means for moving said cams into and out of operating 3 position relative to said movable valve members,

, means connecting said cams to said crankshaft whereby said valve members and said unloading valve holding means will be actuated in synchronism with said pistons, and electricallycperated means controlling operation of said cam moving means.

14. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons, and valves for unloading said cylinders, of means for holding said unloadingvalves in cylinder unloading positions, a distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said unloading valve holding means to move them out of valve holding positions to permit loaded operation of the pump, said distributor valve including a movable valve member for each of said unloading valve holding means, loading and unloading cams for actuating said valve member, a pressure operated piston operable upon delivery of pressure fluid thereagainst to move said loading cam into valve member actuating position to actuate the valve member to deliver pressure fluid tosaid unloading valve holding means and operable upon release of pressure fluid therefrom to move said unloading cam into valve member, actuating position to allow bleeding of pressure fluid from said unloadingvalve holding means, and means connecting said loading and unloading cams to said crank shaft for rotating the cams by rotation of the crank shaft.

15. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, thecombination with a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons, and valves for unloading said cylinders, of means for holding said unloading valves in cylinder unloading positions, a distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said unloading valve holding means tomove them out of valve holding positions to permit loaded operation of the pump, said distributor valve including a movable valve member for each of said unloading valve holding means, loading and unloading cams for actuating said valve member, means for moving said cams into and out of operating position relative to said movable valve members,

and stop means associated with said loading cam for arresting movement thereof into valve operating position at predetermined times,

16. Ina pump loading and unloadingmechanism,'the combination with a pump including a cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, and a valve for controlling the loading and unloading of the cylinder, of a pressure actuated member for operating said valve, electrically operated means controlling delivery of pressure fluid to said pressure, actuated member, a distributor valve interposed between said pressure actuated member and said electrically operated means,

ber into position to permit loaded operationof said pump, said distributor valve controlling delivery of pressure fluid to said cylinder against the larger area end of the differential piston to move the pressure actuated member into valve engaging positionto provide unloaded operation of the pump.

17. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons, and intake valves for said cylinders, of pressure actuated means associated with each intake valve and normally subjected to pressure to hold itout of intake valve actuating position to permit loaded operation of the pump. a distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said pressure actuated means to move them into intake valve holding position to provide unloaded operation of the pump, electrically operated mean for controlling operation of said distributor valve, and means connecting said distributor valve to said crank shaft for synchronized operation therewith for timing the distribution of pressure fluid to said pressure actuated means and the bleeding of pressure fluid therefrom.

18. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including cylinders, pistons therein, a crank shaft for actuating said pistons, and intake valves for said cylinders, of pressure actuated means associated with each intake valve and normally subjected to pressure to hold it out 01' intake valve actuating position to permit-loaded operation of the Pump, a distributor valve for delivering pressure fluid to said pressure actuated means to move them into intake valve holding position to provide unloaded connecting said actuatingmeans and said pump pistons for actuating the movable valve members in synchronism with the pistons.

19. Ina loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank shaft for actusting said piston, and an intake valve ior said cylinder, of pressure actuated 7 means acting on said intake valve ior controlling loading vi ti unloading of the pump,-a pressure fluid distributing valve controlling distribution of actuating pressure fluid to said pressure actuated means electrically operated means controlling operation of said distributing valve, said distributing valve embodying actuating means. a crank shaftfor operating said pistons, said distributing valve actuating means connected to said crank shaft for operation therewith whereby the intake value will be actuated to load or unload the pump in sequence synchronism with the operation of said 20. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with-a pump including a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank shaft for actuating said piston, and anintake valve for 8 cylinder, oi pressure actuated means acting on said intake valve for controlling loading and unloading oithe pump, a pressure fluid-distributig valve controlling distribution of actuating pressure fluid tosaid pressure actuated means, said distributor valve includinga movable valve member tor each oi said intake valve moving means, loading and unloading cams tor actuating said ,movable members, and means "connecting said cams to said crank shalt whereby the intake valve moving means willbe operated, in synchronism with the operation of said piston. v

' 21. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank shait ior ac-V.

tuating said piston, and an intake valve for said cylinder, of pressure actuated means acting on said intake valve i'or controlling loading and un-, loading at the pump. a p s e fluid distributing valve controiling'distribution oi actuating presassaaco loading and unloading cams tor actuating said movable members. means connecting said cams to big means. will be operated in synchronism with the operation of said piston, and pressure actu-,

atcd means for moving said cams into and out of operative relation with said valve members.

22. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank shaft ior actuating said piston, and an intake valve for said cylinder, of pressureactuated means acting on said intake valve for controlling the loading and unloading of the pump, a valve member for controlling the delivery of actuating pressure fluid to said pressure actuated means, a cam for operating said valve member, means connecting said cam to said crank shaft whereby the cam will continuously rotate during rotation of the crank shalt, means normally holding said cam out of, valve member actuating position, and means for moving said cam into valve member operating position;

23. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination with a pump including a cylinder, a piston therein, a crank shaft for actuatingsaid piston, and an intake valve for said cylinder, of pressure actuated means acting on said intake valve 101: controlling loading and unloading of the pump, a distributor valve including ,said crank shait whereby the intake valve movand out of operating positionirelative to said mov able valve member.

24. In a loading and unloading mechanism for pumps, the combination witha pump including a said intake valve tor controlling loading and im-- loading of the pump, a distributor valve including a movable valve member iior'controlling the delivery oi actuating pressure fluid to said pressure actuated means, loading and cams for actuating said valve member. means connecting said cams tosaid crank shaft whereby said cams will rotate continuously during rotation of the crank shaft, means for moving said cams into and out of operating position relative to said movable valve member, and stop means associated with one oi'said cams tor arresting movement thereof into valve member operating position at predeter- -mined times.

JOSEPH n Honvncx. NELSON n BRIGHAM. 

